Cosmetics Lab Magazine Vol 2
In "COSMETICS LAB" Issue 2, gain useful information on how to turn natural raw material into active compounds. Benefit from useful information on techniques used in all steps of cosmetics development. Learn how to extract and screen for active ingredients and how to use chromatography to purify raw material. Plus fun facts, horoscopes, quizzes and an exclusive interview on the topic of fighting misinformation in the cosmetics industry.
Cosmetics Lab Magazine Vol 4
In "COSMETICS LAB" Issue 4, gain knowledge on modern and established techniques used for quality control in the cosmetics industry. Learn how to convincingly demonstrate product safety and performance by optimizing your QC processes. Specific topics include green sample preparation using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), benefits and limitations of chromatography detectors used in QC, the importance of performing trace metal element analysis, how NIR speeds up the QC process and more.
Formulation adviser for cannabis oil samples
With this free whitepaper, gain useful insights into spray drying and encapsulation, two common techniques used to formulate cannabinoids. Plus, learn about why we need cannabinoids in powder form in the first place.
Use the guide to easily achieve a sellable form of cannabinoids.
Your Evaporation Guide – Immersion angle
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of immersion angle.
The evaporation rate of a rotary evaporator depends to a large extend on the immersion angle of the evaporating flask. The flatter the immersion angle, the higher the evaporation rate. This is, among other reasons, due to the fact that a flat immersion angle increases turbulence inside the evaporating flask, hence accelerating the evaporation. However, with a flatter immersion angle the evaporating flask cannot be as deeply immersed in the heating bath medium compared with a steep immersion angle. This can be an issue especially working with smaller evaporating flasks. Generally speaking, a 40 degrees immersion angle leads to a maximum efficiency rate without restriction in handling or risking losing parts of the sample due to over spilling and bumping into the receiving flask.
SyncorePlus Application Guide
This application guide describes important aspects of the evaporation of solvents and the concentration of a sample to a predefined volume using the SyncorePlus. Guidelines for the evaporation of your specific solvent and solvent mixtures are presented. They will help you to streamline your own process with sample applications, checklists, hints, rules, tables, and tests.
Graphene-based composites for lithium batteries by spray drying
Graphene-based composites can be used to improve the electric conductivity and cycling performance of lithium batteries (LIBs). In this whitepaper, learn more about the steps needed to obtain graphene-based composites using the spray drying technique. Benefit from an illustartion of how graphene-based composites are synthesized, learn about the function of various graphene powders in battery R&D and see process parameters for spray drying of various graphene-based material.
Your Evaporation Guide - Evaporating flask size
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of flask size.
Generally, the larger the evaporating flask the greater is the evaporation rate. This is due to the greater turbulence inside a larger flask, enlarging the active surface and leading to a higher evaporation output. On the other hand, smaller flasks are advantageous when the residue needs to be collected for further quantitative analyses. Moreover, larger flasks generally allow easier handling.
Your Evaporation Guide – Rotation speed
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of rotation speed.
The evaporation rate of a rotary evaporator is greater than that of static distillation apparatus. Moreover, the evaporation rate increases with higher rotation speed. This is, among other factors, due to the greater surface area inside the evaporating flask at one given time. Especially significant is the dissipation at lower rotation speeds. For instance an increase in speed above 200 rpm has a relatively low influence on the evaporation output. A rotation speed above 300 rpm can result in mechanical problems, vibrations and spillage from the heating bath. Thus, considering the advantages and disadvantages of different rotation speeds, the optimum rotation speed is around 250 to 280 rpm.
Your Evaporation Guide – Thickness of evaporating flask
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of thickness of flask.
The evaporation rate is noticeably greater if the evaporating flask’s glass walls are thinner. The simple reason is that thinner glass allows better heat transmission from the heating bath through the glass of the evaporating flask to the solvent. Generally speaking, the glass wall thickness should be selected to be as thin as possible, while still being robust enough to prevent breakages of the evaporating flask even at very low pressures. Concerning both these issues, the optimum thickness for a 1 L evaporating flask is between 1.5 and 2.0 mm.
Your Evaporation Guide – Temperature difference
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of temperature differences.
There is a direct relationship between the heating bath temperature and the evaporation rate. The more energy applied to the evaporation side, and at the same time removed from the condensation side, the more efficient is the distillation. Furthermore, sufficient cooling as well as an appropriate and stable under pressure are crucial for efficient distillation. On the other hand, the consumption of electrical energy is comparatively greater at higher temperatures. Moreover, some samples are thermo-sensitive, thus exacerbating the circumstances. Therefore the respective parameters have to be fine-tuned to the individual sample and application. The “Delta 20 Rule” is a guideline to compromise between high evaporation output and energy usage. For instance, using the 10/30/50 parameters is appropriate for the evaporation process in order to bring in and to carry off the accumulated energy efficiently.