Ammonium, nitrate, and total nitrogen determination in fly ash
Fly-ash is a by-product of the combustion of pulverized coal and is composed of small particles. Nowadays, air pollution control standards require a separation of flue gas before being released to the atmosphere.The composition of the fly ash may vary considerabley, however, all fly ashed contain substantial amounts of silicon dioxide (SiO2) aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and calcium oxide (CaO). The fly ash in this study was provided from a pulp mill containing organic and inorganic (ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate) nitrogen compounds.
TKN determination in water and wastewater
SpeedDigester K-439, Kjel Line and MultiDist: Steam distillation and Potentiometric determination of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) according to the Kjeldahl method in water and wastewater along with determination of Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ).
Total sulfur dioxide determination in dried apricots by BUCHI method
MultiDist and BasicDist with BUCHI SO2 glass set: Determination of total sulfur dioxide in dried apricot mousse as a reference sample, bio-apricots & a reference standard sodium metabisulfite by the patented BUCHI Method with iodometric titration.
Your Evaporation Guide – Immersion angle
Achieve higher distillation efficiency when using a rotary evaporator by reading on the impact of immersion angle. The evaporation rate of a rotary evaporator depends to a large extend on the immersion angle of the evaporating flask. The flatter the immersion angle, the higher the evaporation rate. This is, among other reasons, due to the fact that a flat immersion angle increases turbulence inside the evaporating flask, hence accelerating the evaporation. However, with a flatter immersion angle the evaporating flask cannot be as deeply immersed in the heating bath medium compared with a steep immersion angle. This can be an issue especially working with smaller evaporating flasks. Generally speaking, a 40 degrees immersion angle leads to a maximum efficiency rate without restriction in handling or risking losing parts of the sample due to over spilling and bumping into the receiving flask.







